參考版本 AFV  A  Faithful Version 的希臘文 2009版本    

耶和華的事，不謀利沒有版權

13. And the sons of Jacob answered Shechem and Hamor his father, speaking with deceit because he had defiled Dinah their sister.

14. And they said to them, “We cannot do this thing, to give our sister to one that is uncircumcised, for it is a reproach to us.

15. But in this we will agree with you, if you will be as we are, that every male of you be circumcised,

16. Then we will give our daughters to you, and we will take your daughters to us, and we will live with you, and we will become one people.

17. But if you will not hearken to us, to be circumcised, then we will take our daughter, and we will go.”

18. And their words pleased Hamor and Shechem, Hamor’s son.

19. And the young man did not hesitate to do the thing because he had delight in Jacob’s daughter. And he was more honorable than all the house of his father.

20. And Hamor and Shechem his son came to the gate of their city, and talked with the men of their city, saying,

21. “These men are at peace with us. Therefore, let them live in the land and trade in it, for behold, the land is large enough for them. Let us take their daughters to us for wives, and let us give them our daughters.

22. Only on this condition will the men agree to us, to live with us, to be one people, if every male among us is circumcised as they are circumcised.

23. Shall not their livestock and their substance and every animal of theirs be ours? Only let us agree with them, and they will live with us.”

24. And all that went out of the gate of his city hearkened to Hamor and to Shechem his son. And every male was circumcised, all that went out of the gate of his city.

 (A Faithful Version)

13. 雅各眾子心生狡計回應示劍和他父親哈抹，只為示劍污辱了妹妹底拿。

14. 對示劍和哈抹說：我們不可以直接把妹妹嫁給一個未受割禮的人，這將是我們的恥辱。

15. 若能答應一事，就是你們當中的男丁要受割禮，

16. 若願意，就讓我家女子嫁給你們，也可讓你家女子嫁給我們，大家便可成一家人了。

17. 你若不願意，不受割禮，就不可帶著我家女子離開。

18. 哈抹和兒子示劍聽罷，很滿意。

19. 那是因為示劍真心喜愛這女子，就不加思索答應了，只因他是獨子是家中最為看重。

20. 既答應要求，哈抹和示劍到自家城門口來，與眾人宣示，說：

21. 雅各家這些人與我們聯婚在即算是一家人。所以會容許他們住在這裡，也可以在此作買賣，我們屬土地方足夠容他們居住。現今我可以娶他的女兒為妻，將來我們家的女子也可以與他們通婚。

22. 只有一條件，我們的男丁要受割禮，他們才願意加入這個大家庭，成為一體。

23. 如此，他們擁有的群羊、財產和一切牲畜，豈不都歸我們所有？只要我們相方同意，便答應成為一家人。

24. 聽完這番話，這族群的男丁，都願意出城，去接受割禮。

In Jewish tradition and biblical etymology:

  Hamor  (Hebrew: ḥămôr) literally translates to  “ass”  or  “he-donkey.” 

The name is associated with several symbolic meanings in Jewish interpretation:

• Stubbornness and Foolishness:  Just as an ass is known for stubbornness, Hamor is often viewed as a symbol of obstinate opposition to the Israelites. His son Shechem’s violation of Dinah and subsequent demand for marriage are seen as acts of arrogant entitlement. 
• Materialism and Worldliness:  Some Jewish commentators, such as those in the   Metaphysical Bible Dictionary, interpret Hamor as representing the  “transitory and material character of man’s sensual, worldly mind.”  The ass is seen as a beast of burden, symbolizing a life focused on earthly, physical pursuits rather than spiritual ones. 
• The Hivite Nation:  Hamor was a  Hivite  prince and the father of Shechem.   In Jewish history, the Hivites were one of the Canaanite nations. The phrase “sons of Hamor” is often used in the Hebrew Bible to refer to the inhabitants of Shechem or Canaanite peoples generally, highlighting the tension between the patriarchs and the local populations. 

The name also appears in the New Testament (Acts 7:16) as  Emmor, where Stephen mistakenly attributes the purchase of Jacob’s tomb to Abraham and Hamor, whereas the Hebrew Bible (Genesis 33:19) records that  Jacob  bought the land from Hamor’s sons.   This discrepancy is often noted in Jewish and Christian scholarship as a conflated tradition. 

了解這段記述，是反映猶太人對自己所信的是何等光榮的事，是人的智慧，有耶和華看顧和沒有之間的差別。那是可以不去理會以上的解釋，單從事件本身，顯示這事件的真正緣由，有何導致悲劇發生的原因，便曉得如何避免悲劇發生。

事件起因：見色起貪行之血氣。不曉得這是不是中東婦女蒙頭的起因，用以防止類似的事件再次發生。

自己歡喜，行差踏錯是因為血氣行事。這情況是一切不幸事件發生的緣因，視之為人性的衝動，就是控制不住情慾。這份血性是屬於野獸所為，人不會也不應這樣才對。為何人有這種衝動？不單在以前沒有教育過的，或今日受過教育的，如愛默斯坦事件 (Epstein Files) 當中的人物都沒有例外，只有方式不同。

今日的研究有這樣的分析：

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/25175-impulse-control-disorders 當中有一類：衝動控制障礙（ICD）聽起來就是這樣。它們是一組行為狀況,涉及無法控制衝動和行為,例如憤怒爆發和破壞財產。

在信仰上，上述的解釋是一種理解。信仰中的理解是用這個詞：血氣行事。包括對色慾不能控制，也許可以稱為對色慾無法控制之衝動，不顧後果也在其列。信仰有分正面自控的能力，是從愛心出發，對人尊重，不論男女老少都可應用，不用食葯，不會有不良後果。

相信人的認知能力正常，能夠分辨，有愛旁身，明白人要尊重，事要謹慎完成，這等人士不會衝動，因為有自控的操練？耶和華對人的忍耐，似乎這種自控方式，祂一直在用人身上。

示劍有愛。這是因為情慾而生，不同於耶和華那個類別，是私慾。私慾是一種衝動連自己都控制不了，這求自己所愛有何不可？

雅各有愛，卻不懂表示。他愛自己女兒，除不知如何去保護。當時女兒受辱，反應是憤怒，之外，並沒有其他可行的方法。這位雅各能與耶和華角力，能與拉班用計，面對權力就在前面，卻是無計可施，是成長經驗，一時轉不過來。如果早點認識耶穌，也許情況不一樣，耶穌說靈巧純良，當時沒有這樣的提醒。雅各當時仍未學會，耶和華依舊愛他，因為守約。

雅各眾子，有愛，愛護自己妹妹。可惜只有衝動，沒有愛妹妹的回應。這是大多數人面對這處境時，都會有相同的反應，不單在那個時代，即使在今日何嘗不是！因為人的反應，都是憑血氣行事。若他們能從底拿的位置去考慮，問問她會如何決定，也許事情的發展會不一樣。因為當時婦女跟本沒有她們自由選擇的權利，家人卻可以尊重她的想法，為她作決定。可惜沒有！

當時無一人會將底拿作為女性本身處境去考慮。今日信眾，當遇到有人受不公平待遇時，大多不會考慮那位受不公平對待的人。例如伊朗對信眾那種制約的程度，跟專制獨裁沒有兩樣，因何不受媒體拿公義作出指控，不為不公義的行為爭取公道？那種有選擇的偏差，道理傾向強者的心態很普遍，受害人要不要這個公道，沒有人真正的關心。當日如此，今日何嘗不是一樣！

有人認為堅守生存的普遍價值重要，人為生存犧牲是值得也應該。耶和華卻從來不是這樣要求，若是，基督就不會如此犧牲。耶穌是為人願意作出犧牲，不為生存而是生存正義的道理，是因為愛己才能愛人，也只有明白愛人才能互愛中，在和諧的環境中生活以及成長，人間樂土才會出現，即使範圍很少。覺得這是人存在不公平社會當中的價值和意義，請與別人分享。