參考版本 AFV  A  Faithful Version 的希臘文 2009版本   

耶和華的事，不謀利沒有版權

1. And the LORD spoke to Moses saying,

2. “Speak to the children of Israel and say to them, ‘When you have come into the land of your dwelling places which I give to you,

3. And will make an offering by fire to the LORD, a burnt offering or a sacrifice in performing a vow, or in a freewill offering, or in your appointed feasts, to make a sweet savor to the LORD, from the herd or from the flock,

4. Then he who offers his offering to the LORD shall bring a grain offering of a tenth part of flour mixed with the fourth of a hin of oil.

5. And the fourth of a hin of wine for a drink offering shall you prepare with the burnt offering, or sacrifice, for one lamb.

6. Or for a ram, you shall prepare a grain offering, two tenth parts of flour mixed with the third of a hin of oil.

7. And for a drink offering you shall offer the third of a hin of wine for a sweet savor to the LORD.

8. And when you prepare a bull, a burnt offering, or a sacrifice in performing a vow, or peace offerings to the LORD,

9. Then he shall bring with the bull, a grain offering of three tenth parts of flour mixed with half a hin of oil.

10. And you shall bring for a drink offering half a hin of wine, an offering made by fire, of a sweet savor to the LORD.

11. So it shall be done for one bull, or for one ram, or for a lamb, or a kid.

12. According to the number that you shall prepare, so you shall do to everyone according to their number.

13. All that are native of the children of Israel shall do these things in this way, to offer an offering made by fire for a sweet savor to the LORD.

14. And if a stranger stays with you, or whoever is among you in your generations, and will offer an offering made by fire of a sweet savor to the LORD; as you do, so he shall do.

15. One ordinance for you of the congregation and also for the stranger that resides with you, an ordinance forever in your generations. As you are, so the stranger shall be before the LORD.

16. One law and one way shall be for you and for the stranger that lives with you.’ ”

 (A Faithful Version)

1. 耶和華對摩西說：

2. 曉諭以色列人：當進到那應許之地安居的時候，

3. 要以全燔祭獻給耶和華，就是以火去燒烤一頭牛或羊，屬自願獻上或是還願都可以。

4. 獻上祭物的人，還要取十分之一的伊法的細麵粉，用四分之一欣的油搓揉成麵團，以此為素祭獻給耶和華。

6. 若以綿羊作祭品，要順帶獻上一份素祭，是十分之二的伊法細麵粉，用三分之一欣的油搓成的麵團。

7. 若是奠酒，加上三分之一欣的酒，獻給耶和華，視為一份可悅納的祭。

8. 若是以公牛作燔祭、是還願的，視為平安祭。

9. 用公牛獻祭，要連同素祭一起，用十分之三伊法細麵粉，用二份一欣的油調和獻上。

10. 奠酒用二份一欣，獻給耶和華為可悅納的祭。

11. 但凡獻公牛、公綿羊、羔羊或山羊羔，都要照上述安排辦理。

12. 有多少人會來獻祭，就按次序逐一辦理。

13. 以色列人來獻祭，都得照上述的方式辦理。

14. 若非以色列人寄居願意跟隨你們的人，願意獻祭給耶和華，可視為可悅納的祭， 這些人可以按他們自選的方式辦理。

15. 上述獻祭的方式，對以色列人以及願意跟隨的外邦人，一視同仁，在耶和華面前人人平等。

16. 以色列人和在當中寄居的跟隨者，此規範一視同仁。

獻祭當中的意義

In the Jewish view, the burnt offering (olah) is the only sacrifice where non-Israelites (Gentiles) are permitted to participate in the Temple under the same rules as Israelites.

• Unified Law: According to Leviticus 17:8–9 and Numbers 15:14–16, a foreigner residing among the Israelites must follow the exact same procedures and regulations as a native-born Jew when bringing a burnt offering.
• Exclusive Exception: This equality is specific to the olah; all other types of sacrifices (korbanot) were reserved exclusively for Jews within the Temple, although Gentiles were permitted to offer sacrifices in their own private sanctuaries.
• complete surrender to God and was seen as the greatest form of sacrifice, allowing both Jews and Gentiles to commune with the Divine without retaining any physical benefit.

詳情可參考：

https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/3847-burnt-offering

The ordinary translation in modern versions of the Hebrew “‘olah” ( ). This term does not mean literally “burnt offering,” but “what is brought up” or presented to the Deity. The name is a translation of the Septuagint rendering, which is itself based upon the descriptive phrase often attached to “‘olah” in the ritual prescriptions: “an offering made by fire unto the Lord” (Lev. i. 9 et seq.). A synonym is , which defines the offering as complete; i.e., when it is placed upon the altar, to distinguish it from the other forms of animal sacrifice (see I Sam. vii. 9; compare Ps. li. 21). The burnt offering was the highest order of sacrifice in the Old Testament ritual. The bloodless offerings were made only in connection with it.

按以色列人的理解，與華人傳統的理解是有差別，差別的形成是文化和文字的進步，似乎是自然的定律。為此文字在環境都在進步，似乎人就是不想在思維上進步，待別在宗教的領域，千年如今日。相信這是可以進步，而且應該進步。

獻祭用血，上文理解是一種生命的維繫方式，旁人無關，這是很有意思。真誠的信仰當中就是以生命為犧牲，例如享受少些、忍讓多些、擁有不多支援多多等事，同生命有關，是同血脈相連的事。不是置身事外，有距離，那是自然界的安排。

從這章開始，摩西在立例上，是關乎人與耶和華的事。之後有數章談及作為祭司，他應有的責任以及人如何作出悔意的表達，讓其立體化表達出來。當時有此必要，今日似乎有新意代替。

這些禮儀保羅那個時代，到今日以色列的猶太人也照此而行。保羅唯獨對割禮有不同意見，當中的理由很明顯，大家以為是什麼？

當時有相信或者因為奴隸制跟隨以色列人離開的一群，摩西在獻祭的安排就有不同的處理：用素祭便可。

摩西解釋這種安排的緣因：還自己的心願。當中的平安祭，包括心願與因為爭執，雙方和好作出的舉動在內。

獻祭在當時有其存在的必要，是圍持社會安定和諧的一種方式，特別在曠野。那時未有一個共識的行為規範，這個獻祭對相信和未信二者，都同等重要。這種當中有不同可以解讀的理由，這個由大家自己去解釋。

當時未信的，很少人提及。他們是信仰迷踪，是不為人知的信仰一脈，因此，有理由相信，這獻祭的安排是有福音的內容，用生活當中的禮儀表明。若這是一個可行的方式，那麼今日教會的禮儀，有沒有達到這樣的模式？

信仰，一失真，也許是異端出現的緣因。