參考版本 AFV  A  Faithful Version 的希臘文 2009版本   

耶和華的事，不謀利沒有版權

1. Then came the daughters of Zelophehad, the son of Hepher, the son of Gilead, the son of Machir, the son of Manasseh, of the families of Manasseh, the son of Joseph. And these are the names of his daughters: Mahlah, Noah, and Hoglah, and Milcah, and Tirzah.

2. And they stood before Moses and before Eleazar the priest, and before the leaders and all the congregation, by the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, saying,

3. “Our father died in the wilderness, and he was not in the company of those who gathered themselves against the LORD in the company of Korah, but died in his own sin and had no sons.

4. Why should the name of our father be taken away from among his family because he has no son? Therefore give us a possession among the brothers of our father.”

5. And Moses brought their cause before the LORD.

6. And the LORD spoke to Moses, saying,

7. “It is right what the daughters of Zelophehad speak. You shall surely give them a possession of an inheritance among their father’s brothers. And you shall cause the inheritance of their father to pass to them.

8. And you shall speak to the children of Israel, saying, ‘When a man dies and has no son, then you shall cause his inheritance to pass to his daughter.

9. And if he has no daughter, then you shall give his inheritance to his brothers.

10. And if he has no brothers, then you shall give his inheritance to his father’s brothers.

11. And if his father has no brothers, then you shall give his inheritance to his nearest relative of his family, and he shall possess it. And it shall be to the children of Israel a statute of judgment as the LORD commanded Moses.’ ”

(A Faithful Version)

1. 此時，西羅非哈眾女兒到來。西羅非哈是希弗的兒子，希弗是基列的兒子，基列是瑪姬的兒子，瑪吉是瑪拿西的兒子，屬於約瑟之子瑪拿西的家族。西羅非哈眾女兒計有：瑪拉、挪亞、曷拉、密迦、得撒。

2. 一眾人等站在摩西、祭司以利亞撒、眾首領以及全體會眾面前，當著這些人站在會幕門前說：

3. 我們的父親死在曠野，他，並未參與可拉這幫人，起來反對耶和華，是因為自己無子繼後的原因引發。

4. 難道我們父親沒有兒子，他這一族的女兒，就在瑪拿西一族中被抹去應有的名份？能否在眾兄弟當中，也留給我們當得的一份產業？

5. 摩西將她們的訴求呈到耶和華面前。

6. 耶和華對摩西指示：

7. 西羅非哈眾女兒說的是。應在瑪拿西族中給她們當得的一份，繼承一份她父留下的產業。

8. 要以此為例，告訴以色列人：若過世的人當中沒有兒子，可以將他留下的產業歸給他的女兒。

9. 若沒有女兒，就將產業歸給他眾兄弟。

10. 若連兄弟都沒有，就將產業歸給他父親名下的兄弟。

11. 若他父親也沒有兄弟，產業就歸家族中關係最近的親屬。這方式要成為以色列人的定例，耶和華是如此囑咐摩西。

Under Jewish law, a father’s estate passes automatically to his sons, who divide it equally except for the firstborn son (bechor), who receives a double portion.

If there are no surviving sons, the inheritance passes to the daughters, who split the estate equally.

The specific order of succession is determined by the following hierarchy:

• Sons: The primary heirs, with the firstborn receiving twice the share of other sons.
• Lineal Descendants of Sons: If a son predeceases the father, his children (the father’s grandchildren) inherit in his place, with male descendants taking precedence.
• Daughters: Inherit only if there are no surviving sons or male lineal descendants.
• Lineal Descendants of Daughters: If a daughter predeceases the father, her descendants inherit before the father’s siblings.
• Father: If there are no children or their descendants, the father inherits.
• Brothers: If the father is deceased, the deceased’s brothers inherit.
• Male Lineal Descendants of Brothers: Nephews inherit in place of their predeceased father.
• Uncles: If there are no brothers or their descendants, the father’s brothers (the deceased’s uncles) inherit.

This structure ensures that male lineal descendants always take precedence over more distant relatives of the same generation, and daughters are excluded only when there is a male heir in their branch or a closer male relative. To distribute assets differently (e.g., to wives or equal shares among all children), a halakhic will involving a promissory note is typically used to override the default biblical order.

https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/8114-inheritance

註：

Israeli law is based mostly, but not entirely, on Hebrew law. Therefore, for example, the laws concerning the division of inheritance differ according to Torah law and according to ordinary law.

There are significant differences between inheritance according to Torah law and inheritance according to ordinary law due to the identity and sex of the heirs. While under ordinary law, the inheritance belonging to all the descendants of the testator is divided equally, no matter whether they are male or female, the division of inheritance according to Torah law is divided among male heirs only, and even this division is not equal among all male heirs. That is, women do not inherit from their husbands, and daughters do not inherit from their fathers. This matter is discussed in this article.

這段關於遺產繼，承權的記載，是幾千年前的事，卻在今日的的以色列對於遺產的繼承，仍舊依循昔日摩西的規定，這是一處可以說明，以色列即雅各的後代，他們相信天下間有位耶和華存在，這是一個間接，實在的旁證。

遺產法在現今的普通法上，似乎也相差無幾，相信是受當時的以色列人的繼承規例有直接影響。它是對男女公平這觀念，實現在普通的遺產承繼法當中，是不是一件很奇妙的事。

我相信的，有位創造者，有聲音，那就是，若有人有領悟心靈開通，只聽得有種聲方在內心迴盪，它就成了人間哲理，以色列人聽到的是耶和華，福音書中的約翰了解祂是道。老子說：道發自然。至於隱隱之所為，做成了人與人的和諧破裂，人是另一個人的禍的時候，釋迦牟尼看這人間如此這般，終究是空。

這樣的推論有沒有可能？大家一起探討如何？